Classroom clipper, Vol. II, No. 1, October 1945

              CLASSROOM
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October, 1945	Published by Pan American World Airways	Vol. II, ]\o. 1
INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO ACHIEVE UNDERSTANDING
PROMISE WELL FOR AGE OF FLIGHT AS AGE OF PEACE
FLIGHT FOR PEACE—Horsepower for the Age of Flight is supplied by such engines as these 18-cylinder, 2200 horsepower Wright Cyclones in the starboard wing of a
Lockheed Constellation.
From Atlantic Charter to London Emphasis Placed Upon Peaceful Aims
The “Age of Flight” has an excellent opportunity to be also the “Age of Peace”.
Never before in recorded history has there been such a concerted effort on the part of sovereign states to define their common interests, resolve any differences which may exist, and agree upon programs of international cooperation.
It is of special interest that the air plays so important a part in these negotiations. Some of the recent international conferences have been concerned exclusively with air transportation (Chicago and Montreal).
The newest and most far reaching problem of all arose in the closing day of the war with the use of atomic bombs against Japan. How this terrifying weapon can be safeguarded against possible use by an aggressor nation, and how atomic power itself can best be employed for constructive progress are unanswered questions which now face the statesmen of the world.
Fortunately, a pattern of international discussion and negotiation has been evolved, and it is proposed here, without going into the details of any of the conferences, agreements or conventions, to outline the steps taken, beginning with the Atlantic Charter, toward the establishment of international procedures for living and working together in the world.
They will be listed in chronological order.
ATLANTIC CHARTER
Aiigust 21, 1941
In August 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill met aboard ship on the Atlantic Ocean for an examination of the “whole problem of the supply of munitions of war, as provided by the Lease-Lend Act, for the armed forces of the United States, and for those countries actively engaged in resisting aggression. . .”
The United States at the time was not at War—Pearl Harbor still was more than four months away. But the President of the United States and the Prime Minister representing His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom were already looking beyond war years to Victory and Peace.
In their joint declaration, issued after the meeting, they declared that “they hope to see established a peace which will afford to all nations the means of dwelling in safety within their own boundaries” and at another point declared “they believe that all of the nations of the world, for
realistic as well as spiritual reasons, must come to the abandonment of the use of force”. They wanted to “afford assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want.”
DECLARATION BY UNITED NATIONS
January 1, 1941
Implementing the Atlantic Charter by subscribing to its “program of purposes and principles” and pledging themselves to employ their full resources against the Axis for prosecution of the war, and not to make a separate peace with the enemies, 19 United Nations signed and ratified the Declaration by United Nations.
AIR TRAVEL TO BERMUDA AVAILABLE TO TOURISTS
Highlighting the trend toward postwar normalcy, air travel to Bermuda has been “reconverted”, and Clipper space is available on a peace time basis for civilian travel to the vacation islands.
Passports and visas no longer are required and extra Clipper flights have been scheduled for the five hour flight between New York and Bermuda to provide up to 150 seats per week. This capacity will be increased as necessary to accommodate Bermuda-bound tourists.
The Nations were: Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Iran, Iraq, Liberia, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Uruguay and Venezuela.
THE MOSCOW CONFERENCE
October 19 to 30, 1943
The Foreign Secretaries of the United States of America, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union held a series of twelve meetings in Moscow October 19 to 30, together with various diplomatic and military advisers. Their purpose was to discuss means of prosecuting the war, and hastening its end, but it was significant that the communique which followed their deliberations affirmed “the unanimous recognition by the three Governments that it was essential in their own national interests and in the interest of all peace-loving nations to continue the present close collaboration and cooperation in the conduct of the war into the period following the end of hostilities, and that only in this way could peace be maintained and the political, economic and social welfare of their peoples fully promoted.”
THE CAIRO CONFERENCE
Statement Released December 1, 1943
At Cairo the United States was represented by President Roosevelt, China by Generalissimo' Chiang Kai-shek and the (Continued on page 4)