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Human Rights Oral History Project
Interview with Berta Soler
Miami, Florida, May 27, 2013
Interview 5312.0009
Interviewed by Julio Estorino
Recorded by Javier Carrion
Outline by Julio Estorino and Nancy Cermeño
Interview with Berta Soler, who is the acting leader of the Damas de Blanco (Ladies in White), an organization formed by the female relatives of jailed dissidents that has become a nonviolent protest group calling for the improvement of human rights in Cuba. She assumed leadership following the death of group founder Laura Pollán in October 2011. During Cuba’s Black Spring in March 2003, Soler’s husband Ángel Moya Acosta, the founder of El Movimiento Opción Alternativa (Alternative Option Movement), was arrested and later sentenced to 20 years in prison for his work as a human rights activist. Soler then became a founding member of Las Damas de Blanco and began to march in Havana to protest the detention of her husband and other dissidents. She was one of the five members of the group to receive the European Parliament’s 2005 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought. Her husband was released in 2011, and they both remain in Cuba although they were offered exile in Spain. During her 2013 international tour, she visited Miami before returning to Cuba.
This interview forms part of the Human Rights Oral History Project (HROHP) of the Cuban Heritage Collection, University of Miami Libraries. The Project aims to capture the testimonies of Cuban dissidents. In its first phase, HROHP focuses on the Black Spring of 2003 when the Cuban government arrested 75 activists. Interviews were conducted with a number of the dissidents who served time in prison as part of the Grupo de los 75 (Group of the 75) and with members of the Damas de Blanco (Ladies in White), an organization of the wives, mothers, daughters, and other female relatives of jailed dissidents. The Human Rights Oral History Project was launched in 2013 with funding from the Marlins Foundation.
This oral history expresses the views, memories and opinions of the interviewee. It does not represent the viewpoints of the University of Miami, its officers, agents, employees, or volunteers. The University of Miami makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information contained in the interview and expressly disclaims any liability therefor.
Copyright to this interview lies with the University of Miami. It may not be reproduced, retransmitted, published, distributed, or broadcast without the permission of the Cuban Heritage Collection. For information about obtaining copies or to request permission to publish any part of this interview, please contact the Cuban Heritage Collection at chc@miami.edu.
The following outline is written in Spanish, as the original interview was conducted. Berta Soler 2
May 27, 2013
INTERVIEW OUTLINE
Part 1
− 00:00:37 - Nacimiento y Familia.
− 00:02:15 - Educación y juventud.
− 00:03:30 - Matrimonio e hijos.
− 00:04:42 - ¿Cómo era Ángel Moya Acosta y como era su paso a la oposición?
− 00:09:46 - Movimiento Opción Alternativa.
− 00:10:16 - Primer arresto de Ángel Moya Acosta en 1999.
− 00:11:59 - Sus actividades antes de la Primavera Negra.
− 00:13:10 - La cuestión racial en el gobierno cubano.
− 00:15:11 - Reacción personal ha la represión.
− 00:15:31 - La Primavera Negra. El Comité de Madres y el comienzo de Las Damas en Blanco.
− 00:18:46 - Primeras caminatas, repudios y agresión.
− 00:22:17 - El liderazgo de Laura Pollán.
− 00:24:06 - Intentos de dividir a Las Damas de Blanco.
− 00:25:13 - ¿Fue asesinada Laura Pollán?
− 00:29:02 - Las visitas a los prisioneros.
− 00:30:27 - Solidaridad en Cuba.
− 00:31:40 - Protesta en La Plaza de la Revolución.
− 00:36:10 - Después de la muerte de Laura. ¿Cómo asume Ud. el liderazgo de las Damas de Blanco? Berta Soler 3
May 27, 2013
− 00:38:52 - El proceso de excarcelación. La actuación de la Iglesia. El Cardenal Ortega.
− 00:40:53 - ¿Por qué deciden quedarse en Cuba?
− 00:41:31 - ¿Se han convertido las Damas de Blanco en una organización de lucha política?
− 00:42:45 - Las reformas de Raúl Castro. Los cambios en las leyes migratorias.
− 00:45:04 - Su gira internacional.
− 00:49:05 - El Premio Sakharov.
− 00:50:47 - Importancia de medios de comunicación electrónicos.
− 00:52:04 - Otros movimientos femeninos de oposición: Rosa Parks y FLAMUR.
− 00:52:35 - Importancia de una oposición unida.
− 00:53:43 - Muerte de Oswaldo Payá.
− 00:54:35 - El exilio cubano.
− 00:56:02 - Regreso a Cuba.
− 00:57:17 - Un futuro sin los Castro.
− 00:58:17 - Mensaje a los cubanos.
Object Description
| Title | Interview with Berta Soler |
| Interviewee | Soler, Berta |
| Interviewer | Estorino, Julio, 1943- |
| Videographer | Carrión, Javier |
| Summary | Interview with Berta Soler, who is a founding member and acting leader of the Damas de Blanco, an organization formed by the female relatives of jailed dissidents that has become a nonviolent protest group calling for the improvement of human rights in Cuba. |
| Subject |
Human rights -- Cuba Protest movements -- Cuba Damas de Blanco (Group) |
| Genre |
Video recordings Oral histories (document genres) |
| Physical Description | 1 streaming video (1:00:21 hr.); 1 PDF, 3 pages |
| Language | spa |
| Interview Date | 2013-05-27 |
| Interview Location | Miami (Fla.) |
| Publication Date | 2013-09 |
| Publication Place | Coral Gables (Fla.) |
| Repository | University of Miami. Library. Cuban Heritage Collection |
| Collection Title | Human Rights Oral History Project |
| Collection No. | CHC5312 |
| Project Description | Interviewed as part of the Human Rights Oral History Project (HROHP) of the Cuban Heritage Collection, University of Miami Libraries. |
| Sponsor | This interview was made possible with a gift from the Marlins Foundation. |
| Rights | Copyright to this interview is held by the University of Miami. It may not be reproduced, retransmitted, published, distributed, or broadcast without the permission of the Cuban Heritage Collection. For information about obtaining copies or to request permission to publish any part of this interview, please contact the Cuban Heritage Collection at chc@miami.edu. For additional information, please visit: http://merrick.library.miami.edu/digitalprojects/copyright.html |
| Standardized Rights Statement | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ |
| Availability | DVD copies are available for viewing in the CHC Reading Room. |
| Object ID | chc5312000009 |
| Interview No. | CHC5312.0009 |
| Type | Moving Image |
| Format | video/mp4; application/pdf |
Description
| Title | Outline Interview |
| Object ID | chc5312000009 |
| Digital ID | chc5312000009 |
| Full Text | Human Rights Oral History Project Interview with Berta Soler Miami, Florida, May 27, 2013 Interview 5312.0009 Interviewed by Julio Estorino Recorded by Javier Carrion Outline by Julio Estorino and Nancy Cermeño Interview with Berta Soler, who is the acting leader of the Damas de Blanco (Ladies in White), an organization formed by the female relatives of jailed dissidents that has become a nonviolent protest group calling for the improvement of human rights in Cuba. She assumed leadership following the death of group founder Laura Pollán in October 2011. During Cuba’s Black Spring in March 2003, Soler’s husband Ángel Moya Acosta, the founder of El Movimiento Opción Alternativa (Alternative Option Movement), was arrested and later sentenced to 20 years in prison for his work as a human rights activist. Soler then became a founding member of Las Damas de Blanco and began to march in Havana to protest the detention of her husband and other dissidents. She was one of the five members of the group to receive the European Parliament’s 2005 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought. Her husband was released in 2011, and they both remain in Cuba although they were offered exile in Spain. During her 2013 international tour, she visited Miami before returning to Cuba. This interview forms part of the Human Rights Oral History Project (HROHP) of the Cuban Heritage Collection, University of Miami Libraries. The Project aims to capture the testimonies of Cuban dissidents. In its first phase, HROHP focuses on the Black Spring of 2003 when the Cuban government arrested 75 activists. Interviews were conducted with a number of the dissidents who served time in prison as part of the Grupo de los 75 (Group of the 75) and with members of the Damas de Blanco (Ladies in White), an organization of the wives, mothers, daughters, and other female relatives of jailed dissidents. The Human Rights Oral History Project was launched in 2013 with funding from the Marlins Foundation. This oral history expresses the views, memories and opinions of the interviewee. It does not represent the viewpoints of the University of Miami, its officers, agents, employees, or volunteers. The University of Miami makes no warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information contained in the interview and expressly disclaims any liability therefor. Copyright to this interview lies with the University of Miami. It may not be reproduced, retransmitted, published, distributed, or broadcast without the permission of the Cuban Heritage Collection. For information about obtaining copies or to request permission to publish any part of this interview, please contact the Cuban Heritage Collection at chc@miami.edu. The following outline is written in Spanish, as the original interview was conducted. Berta Soler 2 May 27, 2013 INTERVIEW OUTLINE Part 1 − 00:00:37 - Nacimiento y Familia. − 00:02:15 - Educación y juventud. − 00:03:30 - Matrimonio e hijos. − 00:04:42 - ¿Cómo era Ángel Moya Acosta y como era su paso a la oposición? − 00:09:46 - Movimiento Opción Alternativa. − 00:10:16 - Primer arresto de Ángel Moya Acosta en 1999. − 00:11:59 - Sus actividades antes de la Primavera Negra. − 00:13:10 - La cuestión racial en el gobierno cubano. − 00:15:11 - Reacción personal ha la represión. − 00:15:31 - La Primavera Negra. El Comité de Madres y el comienzo de Las Damas en Blanco. − 00:18:46 - Primeras caminatas, repudios y agresión. − 00:22:17 - El liderazgo de Laura Pollán. − 00:24:06 - Intentos de dividir a Las Damas de Blanco. − 00:25:13 - ¿Fue asesinada Laura Pollán? − 00:29:02 - Las visitas a los prisioneros. − 00:30:27 - Solidaridad en Cuba. − 00:31:40 - Protesta en La Plaza de la Revolución. − 00:36:10 - Después de la muerte de Laura. ¿Cómo asume Ud. el liderazgo de las Damas de Blanco? Berta Soler 3 May 27, 2013 − 00:38:52 - El proceso de excarcelación. La actuación de la Iglesia. El Cardenal Ortega. − 00:40:53 - ¿Por qué deciden quedarse en Cuba? − 00:41:31 - ¿Se han convertido las Damas de Blanco en una organización de lucha política? − 00:42:45 - Las reformas de Raúl Castro. Los cambios en las leyes migratorias. − 00:45:04 - Su gira internacional. − 00:49:05 - El Premio Sakharov. − 00:50:47 - Importancia de medios de comunicación electrónicos. − 00:52:04 - Otros movimientos femeninos de oposición: Rosa Parks y FLAMUR. − 00:52:35 - Importancia de una oposición unida. − 00:53:43 - Muerte de Oswaldo Payá. − 00:54:35 - El exilio cubano. − 00:56:02 - Regreso a Cuba. − 00:57:17 - Un futuro sin los Castro. − 00:58:17 - Mensaje a los cubanos. |
| Archive | chc5312000009.pdf |
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