Miami Hurricane, October 19, 1976

              \oí.52 No. 13	Tuesday.October 19. 1970	l*h.28t-l 101
Faculty Tenure: A Lifetime Employment Contract
By STEFAN BECHTEL
Hurricane Staff Writer
The continuing storm concerning the recommendations of an ad-hoc committee to studv tenure which submitted its proposals to President Henry King Stanford in March of this year (and to which the faculty has been reacting ever since) is not comprehensible without a basic understanding of tenure itself.
Tenure is defined as "an arrangement under which faculty appointments in an institution of higher education are continued until retirement for age or physical disability, subject to dismissal for adequate cause or unavoidable termination on account of financial exigency or change of institutional program."
It is in effect a "lifetime contract of employment” although it is not an absolute guarantee, as its critics suggest.
Responsibilities go with the rights of tenured appointment. and failure to fulfill these responsibilities could result in termination, though the burden to show cause for termination rests upon the institution.
In a larger sense — and the reason the committee's report was claimed to "threaten our very collective existence," according to Dr. Alvin Rose — was that the tenure system has assumed three major traditional purposes.
First, tenure promotes and protects academic freedom by freeing the faculty member from political, administrative or other pressures upon personal thought and expression.
Second, tenure is a means of restricting entry into the professorial “guild" and a means of "limiting the power of laymen to define or control the subject matter of academic disciplines."
Third, tenure provides job security us a reward for service and to promote institutional stability and loyalty.
The system's historical roots lie in the privilege accorded to scholars by those in the seats of royal power during the middle ages. In exchange for certain honors and positions of leadership bestowed upon "men of learning,'’ the scholars toiled to increase knowledge and culture.
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But the privilege quickly grew into a desire for immunity from power itself, and when lay boards of control began to assume power over faculty appointments and terminations during the 1800s, contractual rights such as "indefinite continuation" became crystalized and expected.
In 1913 some 600 faculty members formed the American Association of University Professors which formalized certain general principles respecting tenure as an academic right.
Contemporary criticism of the tenure system includes the claim that "academic freedom" is simply a high-blown cover for "job security for job security's sake."
A second criticism is that it limits the university's ability to adopt to changing conditions in higher education.
Having taken on the inflexible financial burden or a tenured faculty, the university is unable to "hire and fire" in response to fluctuating enrollments and changes in academic needs.
A third criticism of tenure is that it protects the incompetent and the lazy without benefit of a reassessment of performance — one of the most controversial of the ad-hoc committee's proposals, which called for a tenure review at least once every four years.
The faculty, who would be most deeply affected if the proposals were implemented, has claimed that it would merely allow the Board to exercise more financial control and thus limit the professional freedoms necessary to an institution which must be unrestricted in following wherever the truth might lead.
Two Alternatives
Given Iron Arrow
By ALAN MARCUS
Editor
""//if* t'onseipient e of the I iii-lersity's being eiletl by /// II for ntfni ompliant t‘ timid he the loss of millions of dtdlars in student tud nntl research (noils. No funds already granirti ntntltl he recouped. hut Ine I niiersitv toniti he disipialified from submitting applications for funds in the future,, if the //Ml titolimi for non-t tnupluint e nere sustained as I niversil \ counsel belici es it n tnild he.*'
— Ileiirx Kin** Slaitlonl
Benedict said, "I'm sure a lot of members would vote to disband the society before they would let the first woman in. Federal aid used to be ‘manna from heaven,’ now it has become a curse."
Iron Arrow is the most prestigious society created to publicly honor those men who have brought honor to the University and themselves by displaying prowess in any number of fields.
Because the society has 1,318 members, there is room for many opinions, but the, views are nearly unanimously against women members.
Iron Arrow voted on this issue in
1972	and 1975, and both times the women were defeated.
“If the society itself wants to accept women it’s a-ok, but we don't like the idea of a big brother stepping in to tell us what to do," Benedict said
HEW's investigation began in
1973	after local feminist leader Roxcy Bolton accused Iron Arrow of discriminating against women and said its ritual was demeaning to the Indians.
Hammond Heads Financial Aid In Crisis
Tebeau Gets Honorary Degree
UM President Henry King Stanford (left) presented history professor Dr. Charlton Tebeau (center) with an honorary doctor of letters Friday night. Dr. Tebeau has just completed a history of the University’s first 50 years. University
Secretary Don Cubit (right) stands ready to present Dr. Tebeau the customary robe to be draped on his arm. The presentation took place at UM’s fiftieth anniversary party. (See story, Page 7).
UM President Henry King Stanford will meet with Iron Arrow members to discuss either of the group's two alternatives: to tap women or to be severed from the University.
The meeting, scheduled for Monday at 8 p.m. in the Private Dining Rooms of the Student Union, comes as a result of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare's (HEW) ruling charging the University of violating Title IX
Because of Iron Arrow's failure to tap women, HEW has found the University guilty of non-compliance of the supplementary regulations of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.
In a letter addressed to Iron Arrow members, Dr Stanford explained that the HEW charge was not directed against Iron Arrow but against the University.
Stanford writes that non-compliance on the part of thf University could result in a loss of millions of dollars in student aid and research funds.
The Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees has said the University will comply with the HEW ruling
Dr. Stanford said there were two alternatives to compliance with HEW.
"The first is to admit women and the second is for the University to discontinue support of Iron Arrow," he said.
Iron Arrow’ President John Benedict has said the organization would disband before tapping women
The second alternative would have the University eliminate Iron Arrow's charter, its recognition of the organization and its association as an official organization of the University.
Dr. Stanford said should UM and Iron Arrow sever its relationship, there would be no campus tappings, no Homecoming recognition and no historical and organic connection
between Irop Arrow and the University.
He said that admitting women is the only viable course "open to us" because contesting the HEW opinion in court would he costly and the University counsel believes that this legal action would ultimately fail Dr. Stanford cited Mortar Board, ODK and Blue Key as organizations that have changed their policies of excluding either sex.
"The University can no longer be a part of any activity that excludes members of its families only on the basis that they are women," he said Title IX Coordinator Ted Nichols said it is a "serious matter.”
He said he has undertaken "a full scale self evaluation of the University while we are confronted, in advance of this self evaluation with the non-compliance charge."
Iron Arrow has contended that they haven’t received significant assistance from the University.

Iton Hammond
By PAUL C ARRION
Hurricane Staff Writer
UM’s two check cashing 'booths have been beaten for nearly $36,000 in bad checks over the last year.
According to Bursar Joseph Collins, this includes $21,698 in bad checks from the Bookstore booth and $14,125 from the one in the Ashe Building.
Collins said this amount constantly changes as students pay off what they owe and more checks are returned.
There is a $3 penalty for checks that bounce due to insufficient funds. The penalty and the amount of the check must be paid in full before a student is allowed to re-register or graduate.
The Bookstore check cashing booth handled $3 million in checks.
Vthis past year, according to Book-
By ISIDRO GARCIA
Ntws Editor
Ron Hammond, named acting director of financial aid this summer when Dr. Thomas Sheeder resigned, has been named permanent director by Vice President for Student Affairs Dr. William Butler
Hammond was previously director of guaranteed loans and took over in the midst of a Health, Education and Welfare investigation of the Financial Aid Office that originated as a result of charges brought forth by the Graduate Student Association (GSA).
The graduate students charged the office with failure to correctly fill out the institutional application for federal student aid funds and overawarding students.
HEW conducted a program re-
store Manager George Mitchell.
During this period the Bookstore collected $10,000 in regular fees to offset the cost of running the booth, including the salaries of an employee in the booth and the head cashier.
This amount has been insufficient and the Bookstore has had to subsidize the rest. Mitchell said.
Mitchell said another problem is the large number of students wanting to cash checks during peak periods, primarily between classes and on Saturday morning.
Check cashier Marianne Snell complained that when she has to close the booth for her break, people get very upset and "call me names.”	<
When the Bookstore window is closed, the one in the Ashe Building is open as a convenience to students.«
view in August in which they randomly sampled the folders of 50 students receiving financial aid at the University. HEW discovered that four of the 50 students received overawards. The government investigators made a total of seven recommendations that the University is required to follow.
HEW required the University to refund the government for the amount the four students were found to be overawarded.
In a report to University President Dr Henry King Stanford, HEW Chief Investigator Ken Palmer wrote that the government figures "do not agree with those calculated by personnel in the aid office "
He continued by adding that the government figures should serve "as the basis for the refunds to be made in these (four cases).
Of the 50 students covered in the program review, one student was found by HEW to have had a different resident status in different years. HEW requested the University to "resolve the discrepancies on citizenship or national status in the folder of the student."
The investigators found three students who had "very poorly documented" folders for changes in assets.
HEW reported that although progress had been made in following up on discrepancies in students' folders and in documenting changes in needs analysis or awards, "additional work is needed in this area."
HEW also'requested that the University interface the Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (SEOG) with federal programs, campus employment and the guaranteed Student Loan Program because a failure to interface the programs will “inevitably lead to overaward and institutional liabilities for restitution of funds."
HEW also requested the University to "address the concern of 'actual iigurfs'... and/or applications that
cannot be supported by an actual count."
The University has returned money to HEW for restitutions of overawards. The University will not say how much money has been returned to the federal government
Any such restitutions must come from the general operating fund of the University.
In the past, the University has made up student overawards in the
See page 2
HEW threw out the Indian complaint, but found them discriminating against women. Under Title IX Of the 1972 Education Act Amendments, no group receiving federal funds can discriminate against members of the opposite sex.
USBG Elections Next Week
By ISIDRO GARCIA
Ntws Editor
Fifty eight students will be on the ballot in Undergraduate Student Body Government (USBG) elections Wednesday and Thursday. The polls will open from 9 a m to 4 p.m each day in the Student Union Breezeway. Voting will be by ballot box
Voters will elect Senate representatives from various campus constituencies. Two Student Entertainment Committee (SEC) representatives will also be elected.
Also on the ballot is a referendum sponsored by USBG Senator and Rathskeller Advisory Board Chairman Probvn Thompson that if approved by students would raise the activity fee by $1.50 per student The funds would be used for Rat programming
Three incumbents are running. One, Fraternity Row Senator Allan Lubel is rflnning without opposition.
Other races will be more hotly contested.
Eight candidates will run for two Freshman at large Senatorial positions. Seven candidates are contesting two Sophomore at large posts. Three candidates will battle it out for a singular Mahoney-Pearson seat.
One Senate seat is open for two candidates vying for the 960 complex position. Two are also paired off for the 1968 complex senatorial seat.
Eaton Hall’s lone seat will be contested by four candidates. However, Marc Katz dropped out of the race this weekend and his name will appear on the ballot because ballots had already been printed
Two candidates will contest one seat available for the apartment areas.
Fifteen candidates will run lor a total of six off-campus Senatorial seats
The SEC race may be the most interesting.
No less than fourteen candidates will be running for the two chairs available
Mills will announce the results of the elections Thursday night in the Rat.
Mills will announce at an 8 p.m. meeting for all candidates in the Flamingo Ballroom today the number of disqualifying points each candidate has received Mills said that some candidates have violated the commissions poster policy and will oe assessed two points for each illegality. Ten points will disqualify a candidate.
To vote, students must present their valid I.D. card showing they have paid their student activity fee.
Mills said that write-in candidates have until today at 5 p.m. to submit their Financial Report on campaign spending ^o become eligible. Re-
ports can be submitted to the Student Activities Office.
Mills said that the winners wAll be sworn in by Supreme Court Justice Arthur Manes within ten days after the election or possibly at next Monday's USBG meeting.
the Election Commission has hired eight poll workers for the election. The seven volunteer election commissioners will tally the results after the polls close Thursday at 4 p.m.
Stuflculs Beat-Check Booth For $36.000 Last Y ear